Budgeting and Business Planning Essay Example for Free

Budgeting and Business Planning Essay In order to create the criteria for the committee we have to look at what they want from the project. Most businesses and organisations are in business to make a profit, however the committee has different aims and objectives compared to a normal business or organisation. They need to weight up the options of each proposal and decide which best relates to their aims and objectives. When the committee is considering which proposal to go with they should consider the following categories †¢Short-term Financial Benefits †¢Long-term Financial Benefits †¢Environment †¢Relation to aims Short-term Financial Benefits The committee needs to consider the short term benefits of each proposal. They dont want to take on a proposal that has high start-up costs and doesnt make a return on the capital within the first year. The committee does not want to be left in a high amount of debt if the proposal fails. If the committee is left with a debt they may not be able to fund other projects to further their three aims. Long-term Financial Benefits Long-term the proposals will give different outcomes. The committee needs to decide on how long they want to keep moult hall? If they want it as a long term asset which can help with their aims? Or do they want a longer term money making scheme to boost revenue which can be used in areas they already control. Environment Moult Hall comes with a huge area of woodland, they needs to consider the effects on the local plant life and wildlife that any proposal could have. They need to think, does it destroy plant life? Does it impact on wildlife habitats? Is their going to be any long lasting environmental damage? Relation to Aims The committee is based on three main aims. They need to consider these aims in making their decision, they cant be making use of one proposal if it goes strictly against some of their basic aims. They have to consider their own image and brand, does a proposal give them a bad name/image considering their aims and objectives? Question 2 Jonathan and Ingrids proposal has some short term financial benefits, in the 30 week trial run moult hall turns over a small profit of  £1,646. When the committee takes their proposal in to consideration they should recognise this point, moult hall will be of no financial burden in the short-term 30 week trial. If the 30 week trial is to succeed then moult hall can have some structural work done costing  £20,000 which would close moult hall for four weeks after the trial. The structural alterations would increase the capacity of the site to allow up to 30 guests to stay at one time. According to Jonathan and Ingrid projections of a weekly cost per guest of  £66 and a weekly charge per guest of  £150 they are making  £84 profit per guest per week. With the structural alterations and the increase in capacity by 20 guests. The weeks after the alterations are finished they could make an extra  £1,680 per week, bringing their possible weekly total profit at full capacity to  £2,436 (allowing for one free space, 29 paying customers). Therefore they could justify the large  £20,000 outlay on alterations as moult hall would pay for these alterations in little over 8 weeks. So in the long-run moult hall could be a profitable project by the end of year one. The one drawback of this proposal is the loss of the usage of the minibus at weekends, which generated an annual income of  £1,040, however it can be argued that it is now being put to better use and that the money is being recuperated from moult hall. Break-even point Total expenses £63,880 Weeks until break-even47.3 Guests until break-even473 As we can see from the table above moult hall will have to attract 473 guests a year to break even when they can only hold 10 guests per week. Equally they would have to run for 47.3 weeks a year at full capacity to break-even. This gives them an average of 9 guests a week. If they were to structurally improve moult hall so that they can hold up to 30 guests a week then the figures would look very different as shown in the table below. Break-Even Point Total Expenses £63,880 Weeks until break-even point14.7 Guests until break-even point441 Although a similar amount of guests is required the amount of weeks at full capacity has drastically dropped from 47.3 to 14.7. Their average guests per week has dropped from 9 to 8. Although this is not a large drop, in comparison they only have to fill 8 out of 30 beds compared to 9 out of 10 beds in the 30 week trial. The environment and its protection are very important to the committee and are mentioned in their main aims. Jonathan and Ingrids proposal helps the environment and makes the most of moult hall, if a garden was to be kept at moult hall the guest could tend to this and grow vegetables and recycle waste in a compost, which in turn could be re-used on the garden making moult hall very self-sufficient and environmentally friendly. One of the major aims of the committee is to help and educate the young. Jonathan and Ingrids proposal does just this, by inviting young people from the surrounding area to come stay and learn about the countryside. The guests will be able to learn about different wildlife and plant life living in the moult hall woodland and surrounding areas. The committee has to consider how the proposal will relate to their own aims, with moult hall becoming a learning centre for the young the committee could promote the good work they are doing to increase their donations r evenue and grow as a trust. Question 3 Winston’s proposal consists of turning moult hall into a quad bike track with lavish bedrooms in the house for guests. In the year one moult hall will turn over a profit of  £1,034,283.  £750,000 of this is guaranteed to the North West trust for the protection of wildlife and the other  £284,283 will go to Winston himself. Moult hall would be a great money maker for the trust with the guaranteed income of  £750,000 adding to the  £800,000 a year they receive from local donations and fund raisers, boosting their total revenue for the year to around  £1,550,000. Long-term moult hall will turnover similar amount each year as long as there is no dip in demand. In the second year when Winston doesn’t have any initial capital costs he will make a large profit himself of  £402,350. The funds the committee will earn from moult hall could be used in other areas to promote the protection of wildlife. Break-even Point Total Expenses £1,022,650 Weeks until break-even point35.9 Guests until break-even point538 From the table above we can see the break-even point for moult hall under Winston’s proposal. He would need to be operating at full capacity for almost 40 weeks a year to break-even this means he would have to attract 538 guests a year. On average to break-even Winston will have to have 11 guests a week. In monetary terms moult hall will be a very successful; however some parts of the proposal will go against the trusts main aims. The trust was set up for the protection of wildlife; one aim is to protect local wildlife and plant life. To make the quad bike track many mature trees will have to be removed in the grounds of moult hall. This will disrupt some of the habitats of animals in the woodland. One of the main habitats that could be disrupted is the nesting sites of the red kite. The red kite has only recently been re-introduced in to the United Kingdom after the success of similar projects in wales; the trust fully supports the work of the national charity that achieved this. The red kite was wiped out in the UK by modern farming methods which use pesticides to kill small rodents, which are the main food source of the red kite. The first aim of the Trust is to encourage farming methods that don’t hurt local wildlife and plant life. They have to consider how the disruption of the nesting sites would reflect on them if they took on Winston’s proposal. It may look bad as with one hand they are supporting the work of the charity yet they are making money at the cost of disrupting local nesting sites. Question 4a There are many different measures that to committee can use to measure the performance of moult hall such as: †¢Monthly financial reports †¢Committee inspections twice a year †¢Variance analysis – comparing budgeted figures with actual Variance Analysis The committee could use variance analysis; variance analysis is a comparison of the budgeted cost of running moult hall and the actual cost of running moult hall. They could see if the costs of moult hall are favourable or adverse. If the results are favourable then this means that moult hall is running at a cheaper cost than they originally budgeted. However if the results are adverse then this means that the cost of running moult hall is more than they budgeted, this could be due to higher food prices or a larger light and heating bill than first anticipated. Variance analysis will give the committee a good idea of how much difference there is between their original planned budget and their actual outlay. This will be useful in determining weather moult hall is a financially viable option. Monthly Financial Reports The committee could ask for the manager of moult hall to send them monthly financial reports so that they can keep track of the performance and see if they are making or loosing money. They could let the financial reports come in for a few months or even up to year. This way they can identify trends and high and low seasons. They may find that they have a slightly seasonal product, as more people will want to be outside in the summer compared to the winter. They can also see if over a year they are getting an increasing amount of interest month on month or if they are losing interest Committee inspections Committee inspections could take place two or three times a year, the committee could travel as a whole or send a few representatives to moult hall to assess the upkeep of moult hall and the grounds. The inspection could also be used to see how the guests are enjoying their time at moult hall. The inspection team will then feed back to the committee who will have meetings on how to improve moult hall based on the feedback from guests and/or any improvements or checks that would need to be made to ensure the performance of moult hall is consistent. Question 4b When the committee is assessing the performance of moult hall they can use different companies to assess moult hall for them. The Environmental Inspection Agency (EIA) can carry out Environmental impact assessments. The committee could use this agency to assess the impact that moult hall is having on the surrounding woodland and grounds of moult hall. The committee can use this information to track the environmental progress of moult hall and see if the project is having a damaging or positive effect on the woodland and grounds. The committee could also use a survey company to produce a survey which can be given to guests when they leave so that the guests can give their feedback. The survey company can then use these results to produce accurate feedback to present to the committee. This method would be better than the committee asking the questions themselves as it will give a better representation of the guest’s views on moult hall. One company that they could use is amplitude research, this is a company that specialises in market research, Amplitude research can create a standard survey for guests which will make the results more comparable and easier for the committee to act upon.

Cost of the Death Penalty Essay -- essays research papers

Costs and Consequences of the Death Penalty, written by Mark Costanzo, neatly lists reasons for opposition, and abolishment of, the death penalty. Costanzo provides a review of the history of the death penalty, a review of how the death penalty process is working today, questions on whether or not if the death penalty is inhumane and cheaper than life imprisonment. He also questions if the death penalty is fairly applied and the impact, if any, that it has on deterrence. He closely examines the public's support of the death penalty and questions the morality of the death penalty. Finally, Costanzo provides his own resolution and alternative to the death penalty. Each of these items allows the reader an easy, and once again, neat view of how the death penalty can work against out society rather than for it. Costanzo concludes there are four trends throughout the history of the death penalty. First, he believes there has been a dramatic shrinking in the number and types of crimes punishable by death. At one point in early colonial times, he argues that there were over fifty crimes fit for death, including vagrancy and petty theft. He believes there is a trend that attempts to lessen the cruelty of executions. Through the tests and reviews of past methods of killing, each one gets a little more â€Å"humane†, as the Supreme Court puts it. The third trend mentioned attempts to make the death penalty imposed fairly and rationally. Through the revised process of how it is imposed, to the choice of death in the jury’s deliberations, there have been drastic changes in how we chose the use this method of punishment. Lastly, the fourth trend is the sanitizing of executions (conducted late at night and using well-defined and specialized procedures). Although this may run side by sid e with the revision of the death penalty process, Costanzo explains that there is a difference between the reasons why we chose the death penalty in cases, which is the revision discussed in trend number 3, and the revision of how it is carried out, which is the fourth. The practices have come along way, but if history proves true, Costanzo argues, there will be a new way of doing it in the not so distant future, which will be called more â€Å"humane† and fit for use in our penal system. Costanzo sites the two landmark decisions of the Supreme Court. Furman vs. Georgia (1972): ruled that capital ... ...wn government put people to death, the more likely they will be to use death in their own world. Also, he believes the evidence shows those who currently support the death penalty would favor other types of alternatives if given the option and explanation. Largely he believes people want justice and choose the death penalty due to a lack of any other sure way to keep the dangerous criminals off the street. Costanzo suggests workable alternatives to the death sentence; i.e., life without parole plus restitution. He believes the public would readily support this if the option was provided and explained.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In conclusion, Costanzo believes that the death penalty does not work and should be abolished. He supports his position by thoroughly explaining the history of the death penalty and gives numerous arguments that support that no legal system is able to infallibility and evenhandedly decide who should live and who should die. He points out that those who support it do so in the abstract and that when given a better alternative to ensure the public safety, alternatives that offer punishment without the taking of lives would be preferred over ones that do.

Gendering Biology and Sociology Essay

Can we define gender both biologically and sociologically? That question is at the forefront of the continuing debate between cultural and scientific researchers. The issue stems from a fundamental difference in how to explain gender definitions in an era of fluid identities and particularized conceptions of the body. This brief essay will outline the path this debate has taken in an attempt to see where it will take us in the future. Biologists and sociologists see the world in different ways. Biologists tend to believe that the natural world should form the basis of our understanding about life while sociologists believe that culture is the primary driving force that creates our collective knowledge. In this way, a gap has been created between two competing theories about what and how gender should be defined. For example, sociologists critique the biological basis of gender because they speculate that cultural practices influence what type of biology to undertake. Physical appearance, chromosomal sequencing, personal psychology, social norms, and many other factors are at work when we ask questions that transcend sexual difference and enter the realm of gender identity definitions. In the realm of sports, we have seen how outdated scientific gender testing has proven to be unreliable in determining what counts as a male or female. As chairman of the International Olympic Committee medical commission Arne Ljungqvist notes, â€Å"Sometimes, fingers are pointed at particular female athletes, and in order to protect them, we have to be able to investigate it and clarify. † (Thomas). In order to traverse this widening gap, sociologists and biologists need a common language and framework if we hope to come to a deeper understanding of gender and how it will influence our lives. Works Cited Thomas, Katie. (2008). A Lab Is Set to Test the Gender of Some Olympic Athletes. July 30, 2008. The New York Times. Retrieved January 9, 2009 from http://www. nytimes. com/2008/07/30/sports/olympics/30gender. html

Literature Review On Parental Involvement - 1042 Words

Parent Involvement: A Key to Educational Success Literature Review Empire State College Christina Mallett Introduction It has been stated that students whose parents, guardians, and other significant adults who are actively involved in their learning are more likely to be successful in school. Student success here can be defined as intellectual potential, as well as social and cognitive growth. This literature review will examine critically what has been previously researched and written on parental involvement, with a focus on Kindergarten through fourth grade. In the past 30 years, there has been numerous case studies and research conducted in various learning environments on the levels of parental†¦show more content†¦The models include the following: (1) Gordon’s System Approach, (2) the System Development Cooperation (SDC) study, (3) Berger’s Role Categories, (4) Chavkin and Williams’ Parent Involvement Roles, (5) Honigs Early Childhood Education Model, (6) Jones Levels of Parent Involvement, (7) Epstein’s Typologies, and (8) language minority parents’ involvement approach. A brief description of each of these models are as follows: (1) Gordons’s System Approach (1979): This model is separated into four level in a social system model. The microsystem, which is the child and family and their strong influence on the development and school success of the child and the effort and energy required. The second level is the mesosystem, which is the neighborhood institutions such as school, recreation and stores etc. Gordon explains that the nature and quality of these institutions affect the family and the child in a less direct way. The third level is the exosystemic, which consist of an examination of local policies. These may include family leave policies for employers and social services from a community agency. These are believed to have an influence on the quality of family life. The fourth level is the macrosystem, which represents the major social, economic, and political aspects of larger society. According to Gordon, changes at this level have the potential for affecting large numbers of children and fa milies. (Lunenburg Irby, 2002) (2)Show MoreRelatedLiterature Review : Parental Involvement984 Words   |  4 PagesLiterature Review Parental Involvement. During the middle school years there are developmental changes happening in an adolescent’s life. This growth include both biological and cognitive, as well as social development (Nancy Hill, 2009). Compared to elementary school the developmental growth in middle school has higher levels of significant change as a result to the bureaucratic system (Hill Chao, 2009). Studies have shown that during this essential time period in a youth’s education experienceRead MoreLack Of Participation Of Parents / Family Involvement1147 Words   |  5 Pagesthis is. Conducting a literature review is my first step in this process, I will be conducting a through and exhaustive literature review to include: Books, internet, journals, statistics. The literature I will be using will be from scholarly resources. I will be reviewing other schools that have been successful in parent involvement, and a review of the programs they use to become successful. Here is a sample of some of the liter ature reviews I will be using: Reviewed literature Yael Fisher a contributorRead MoreEffectiveness Of Parental Involvement1099 Words   |  5 PagesConcept of Parental Involvement (2007), Joep T.A. Bakker and Eddie Denessen offer various definitions of parental involvement. They summarize parental involvement as â€Å"parental behaviors related to child’s school or schooling that can be observed as manifestations of their commitment.† Student success here can be defined as intellectual potential, social, and cognitive growth. The focus of this literature review will examine critically what has been previously researched and written on parental involvementRead MoreParental Involvement And Academic Performance1686 Words   |  7 Pageslack of parental involvement in their children’s academic performance (Larocque, Kleiman Darling, 2011). Parental involvement refers to the amount of participation a parent has when it comes to schooling and her child s life. Parental involvement can take on many forms and is perc eived as an operational strategy to improve student success, as evidenced in studies done on the relationship between parental involvement and academic performance in children. (Bower, 2011) Parental involvement â€Å"has beenRead MoreParental Involvement And Sexual Involvement915 Words   |  4 PagesAs the literature is being reviewed research and evidence is showing the importance of parental involvement in every aspect and in every socioeconomic class. Yvonne peril constructs research one program for involvement but first wanted to come up with a cookie cutter definition of what parental involvement was. Through research she realized that this task was very difficult. And as she review literature on parental involvement a conclusion was made that there was no consistent agreement on for acrossRead MorePerception Of Parent Involvement Within Academic Achievement971 Words   |  4 Pages Research Problem and Hypotheses The research study, â€Å"Perception of Parent Involvement in Academic Achievement† were to see the insight of different types of parent involvement and how parents, students and teachers affect the outcome of academic achievements at the junior high school level. The researcher examines why parents do and do not get involved in their children’s school education in and out of school. The study showed why teachers doRead MoreResearch Project On Parental Involvement1159 Words   |  5 PagesAbstract Parental involvement is the combination of commitment on the part of the parent to their child and to their school. This literature review outlines the steps that I will be taking to conduct my research project on the importance of parental and family involvement in kids’ education. I have always had interest in the social aspect of a student’s learning and how their environment affects their motivation for learning. I find it to be very important to be aware of these contributors andRead MoreBackground And Introduction Of Kingsgrove High School875 Words   |  4 Pagesevaluate what stimulate parental engagement in ‘school life’ and how to engage in the school culture. Research suggest that children benefit from family-school collaborations that provide parents with opportunities to shape their children’s learning (Krejci, 2002). Working with parents collaboratively shown a positive impact on students’ learning outcome (Swap, 1987). This literature review will explore the existing research that frame the issues of what stimulates parental engagement in ‘schoolRead MoreParental Involvement And Children Academic Success Essay825 Words   |  4 PagesParental Involvement and Children Academic Success Research Paper Sociological Bases of Education The Context: In my twenty plus years of teaching in both the public and private school and dealing with hundreds of parents and students and watching the effects of parental involvement on student success. Parent involvement has been shown to have positively influenced children’s education; however, many parents do not get involved in their child’s education, especially in middle school and highRead MorePaper856 Words   |  4 Pages Children of anxious parents are at greater risk for developing anxiety disorders (Schrok 2010). High parental control, insecure attachment and the parental modeling of poor coping strategies have been identified as parent-related risk factors that may contribute to the development and maintenance of childhood anxiety disorders. In response to the growing research on the influence of parental factors, a number of child-parent interventions have been developed to integrate parents into their child’s

The Struggle of the Educational System Essay - 1151 Words

The Struggle of the Educational System It seems as if the American government has struggled to evaluate the current educational system in order to determine if significant social issues, including increasing regional poverty, and declining literacy rates in specific urban regions are related to economic differentiations in the education system. There needs to be more emphasis placed on determining a system that provides greater equity between disadvantaged inner-city schools and wealthier suburban, middle class schools. The gap between the nation’s best and worst public schools continues to grow. Our country is based on freedom and equality for all, yet in practice and in the spectrum of education this is rarely the case. Many obvious†¦show more content†¦This guarantees that every child receives an education, but it is not an equal education† (Kozol, 238). State officials determine the sufficient funds, but due to the dynamics of politics they are shaped by what the richer districts determine to be enough. So, in turn, what they are doing is placing the education of the inner-city students in the hands of the supporters of the suburban schools. If the officials are to allocate more money to the poorer districts, then they will be the ones that are affected by additional tax levies on their higher incomes and property values. â€Å"What is at stake is the future of a heterogeneous America, a place where there is equal opportunity for everyone, not just for those who can afford to pay for a good education and the chance to have a more prosperous life† (Kozol 237). It seems as if â€Å"Those who do not want their children to be handicapped by the learning problems of others who have suffered generations of oppression, ignorance, and neglect simply abandon the city schools that these students were being integrated into and fled to richer suburban schools† (Kozol 238). Today, Blacks, Hispanics, and poorer children dominate 23 of the nations 25 largest urban school sy stems. This has raised a permanent fissure in our public schools and has separated them into two separate and unequal classShow MoreRelatedHow Bilingualism Has Impacted The United States Modern Education System1114 Words   |  5 Pageshas impacted the United States’ modern education system. He describes an amendment that would constitute English as the official in the United States, which he believes can be a potential threat to the educational system. Gonzalez suggests that instead of having an amendment that constitutes English as the national language, American schools should implement Spanish to highlight the importance of being bilingualism in the American educational system. A constitutional amendment declaring English asRead MoreThe Achievement Gap Between Minority And Nonminority Children974 Words   |  4 Pagesthere are always those students who exceed, but there are also individuals who struggle significantly. However, minority students tend to struggle more t han nonminority students. According to an article called â€Å"Addressing the Achievement Gap Between Minority and Nonminority Children by Increasing Access to Gifted Programs,† by Paula Olszewski-Kubilius, Seon-young Lee, and Mephie Ngoi, â€Å"The most significant educational problem in the U.S. is the fact that the achievement of minority children lagsRead Moredoc700 r1 research resources scavenger hunt For Chris Laitinen WK1885 Words   |  4 Pages 1. Name the nine University of Phoenix Research Centers. A. Center for Global Business Research B. Center for Management and Entrepreneurship C. Center for Workplace Diversity Research D. Center for Educational and Instructional Technology Research E. Center for Leadership Studies and Educational Research F. Center for Professional Responsibility in Education G. Center for Behavioral Health and Research H. Center for Health Engineering Research I. Center for Healthcare Research 2. True or FalseRead MoreThe Inner City Of Los Angeles805 Words   |  4 Pagestime went on I witnessed my classmates and I take completely different paths. The strong support system I had at home proved effective. As I went on to go to college, many of my peers dropped out, the dismal state of our public school system had clearly failed them. During my undergraduate studies, the stories of my old classmates did not leave my mind. I remained deeply intrigued with the struggles of inner city people of color and the mobility they are granted. I began to volunteer at ArtStartRead MoreAchieving A Successful Teenage Mothers1229 Words   |  5 Pagesdegree. Thus, adolescent mothers would pursue their educational attainment for themselves, their children, and for their supportive systems (Moore, 2014). Ravenell (2012) conducted a study where sixty-three percent of teenage mothers had a diploma, nineteen percent had received a GED, and another nineteen percent had not finished high school. Mothers who had gotten a GED or a high school diploma declared that it was due to their support systems from both their parents and teachers. Overall, supportRead MoreHow Education Can Be Run And Who Should Benefit From It?873 Words   |  4 Pagesbelong to the Eastern and Western cultures share similar views of education being the key to success, yet both cultures have their own views on how to get to that point of success. The refore, most cultures have very different views on how an education system should be run and who should benefit from it. Comparing four popular world cultures, there are significant differences in the role education plays between each. This paper will explore not only the differences in the role education plays amongstRead MoreInvestigating What Macro-sociological Approaches and Micro-sociological Approaches Tells Us About Student Under-achievement in School850 Words   |  4 PagesInvestigating What Macro-sociological Approaches and Micro-sociological Approaches Tells Us About Student Under-achievement in School Macro-sociology approaches offer explanations for social phenomena in terms of the way in which social systems work as a whole. Micro-sociology gives explanations in terms of how people make things happen by interpreting their experience and acting on their interpretations. Macro-sociology divides into consensus and conflict approaches. The Read More Gender Segregation in Education Essay1159 Words   |  5 Pagessegregation in education is spoken, but how often do we think of women? Women have gone through tremendous struggles to receive the same rights as men to an equal education. The following pages will explain many aspects of the history of the women’s struggles for desegregation, accomplishes made for desegregation, and the affects of sex or gender segregation still present in today’s educational system. In the early colonial times, women’s roles were very defined. Men and society expected women to haveRead MoreThe Foster Care System Is A Growing Problem With The Problem Of Trauma And Educational Needs1535 Words   |  7 Pagesin foster care and increased from 2012. The foster care system is a growing problem with the problem of trauma and educational needs. In three journal articles that are discussed, the problems are taken into studies to try and improve the foster care system. In the journal article, â€Å"Caregivers, School Liaisons, and Agency Advocates Speak Out about the Educational Needs of Children and Youths in Foster Care†, they discussed the educational need of children in foster care. 40% of children enteringRead MoreEducation Vs Horace Mann1401 Words   |  6 PagesThrough learning, skills that have been passed down from the errors of others, communities were able to learn and grow with each other. Simple public education systems began to pop up to educate the youth and the curious, and ever since the first school systems began there has been room for improvement. The largest reforms of the educational system began at the beginning of the Industrial Revolution. Primarily, both Geoffrey Canada and Horace Mann share similar views on school tuition, and believe

The Working Poor - 1071 Words

The working poor are those people that work the hardest for their dollar, work the hardest to get their paychecks, work the hardest to survive. Most of the working poor live paycheck to paycheck and like the saying goes, â€Å"robbing from Peter to pay Paul.† There is a way out of poverty, and there is a way for these struggling individuals to escape the perils of their life in poverty. It is not an easy road out, but it is possible. It is important for those that are born into this lifestyle to know that this is not a destination; there is hope that they will live a so called â€Å"better† life. Who are the Working Poor? Before we describe who the working poor are, let’s describe what poverty is. â€Å"There are two general methods of defining†¦show more content†¦Gabourey Sidibe and Jennifer Hudson are a few stars that are heard about as going from nothing to everything. You do not have to be a star to be able to escape from poverty though. There are many programs that are available to individuals to assist them in finding employment and assistance to get out of poverty. The programs that are available are reliant on the presidents and law makers that are lobbied. â€Å"The Bush administration had been wildly criticized for not being responsive to the needs of the poorest Americans,† (Burger, 2008, p. 20). At times an individual just needs help in getting shown the right direction. â€Å"Isolated in the projects, many like Camellia lack the encouragement and connections to find decent work until a helping hand gives a push or opens a door,† (S hipler, 2004, p. 123). To be able to break out of poverty an individual must not be afraid to leave. Personal reaction conclusion Poverty is not something that effects just a certain population; it is non-discriminative. The working poor are the heart of America. They are people that we see every day. For those that are living this way, it is important to know that there is a way out. In Shipler (2004) book The Working Poor, he states, â€Å"George W. Bush gave voice to the myth when he was asked whether he meant to send a message with the inclusion of two blacks, a Hispanic, and two women in the first seniorShow MoreRelatedWorking Poor Essay3209 Words   |  13 PagesThe Struggle of the Working Poor Revised Essay Sociology 113 Yvonne Barney October 19, 2012 The Struggle of the Working Poor Society often describes the impoverished with one word, lazy. Society has taught us that if a person wants to be financially successful, it is a simple process of education and hard work that will equate to a successful income. This is the American dream. If the impoverished simply would get a job instead of being lazy, they would not need to rely on programs likeRead MoreWorking Poor : The Work Poor1051 Words   |  5 PagesElizabeth McCumber April 24, 2015 Working poor paper Throughout both in-class discussions, and David Shipler’s â€Å"The Working Poor: Invisible in America† we learned being poor in America is anything but easy. Even with all of our government assistance programs such as Medicaid and Welfare, many family generation after generation seem to fall below the poverty line and create a life of struggle and long way out for their families. When Shipler is explaining different families and their lac of selfRead MoreWorking Poor : The Work Poor Essay1277 Words   |  6 PagesWorking Poor The Working Poor: Invisible in America is a story that takes personal stories and accounts of people lives to describe the injustices that people face every day. Poverty is damaging to both the economy and the people who face it. Many times social policies are created to assist the people who are working but still struggle to get basic needs like food, utilities, gas, and medical. Poverty is a perpetuating cycle that is intended to keep the poor oppressed and discriminated againstRead MorePoverty Is A National Epidemic That Plagues Americans Across The Country Essay1531 Words   |  7 Pagesof our humanity. Poverty is a generational cycle that is inherited and becomes the anchor to all future success. It is often said that poverty is the effect of a lazy, uneducated nation, in reality, the poverty level family has at least one adult working at least 40 hours a week at a painstakingly back breaking job that the elite American would quiver at the thought of performing. The effect o f Poverty is caused by lack of opportunities, greed, and generational circumstances One of the mainRead MoreWhat Is It Like Living In A Home With Low Income? Poverty1006 Words   |  5 Pages academic performance, and health conditions. 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Discusses About Shadow Broker Organization â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discusses About Shadow Broker Organization? Answer: Introduction: A group of mysterious hackers is seen to be involved with the dealing of malware and hacking tools that is an associated tool used by the National Security Agency (NSA) of America. This topic of secrecy and controversy regarding the tools that are involved with the National Security Agency (NSA), are exposed by the mysterious group involved in crime known as the Shadow Brokers. This report discusses about the nature of the problems that was caused by this group, the reason for its occurrence and the mitigation of such attacks in the future. Discussion: The Shadow Brokers are a group of hackers whose existence came in light in 2016, summer. These groups of hackers were involved in exploiting the resources obtained from information leaks associated with the National Security Agency (NSA). The exploited resources were used to target the firewalls of business enterprises, anti-viruses and products related to the Microsoft Corporation (Martin, Kinross Hankin, 2017). The Shadow Brokers are mainly informed with the main hack, which is termed as the Equation Group that is associated with operations of National Security Agency (NSA). Identification of the problem: In August of 2016, the group of hackers claimed to have stolen a cyber weapon from another hacking team, which was termed as the Equation Group. The cyber weapon was used by the National Security Agency (NSA). The cyber weapon involved provided the group access to the secretive files contained in the NSA. The group also led to hacking and exploiting secret information from software accounting to 1 gigabyte of information over a period of 8 months. This information was connected to the NSA (Sanger, 2016). The group also tried to sell the source code of particular information from NSA by using the online methods of auction. The auction was supposed to be transacted via the use of crypto currencies. However, the auction was an unsuccessful one. On April 2017 the most recent activity of the group of hackers, include a data dump. The dump of data accounted to 300 megabytes of data. The data associated made published reports of threats and vulnerabilities of the products of Microsoft. The Shadow brokers also claimed to publish hacked tools and resources from the CIA that was originally made to spy on the monetary transactions of people (Shane, Mazzetti Rosenberg, 2017). This led the group claim associated vulnerabilities in the Windows version of the Microsoft installed in the Swift bank. As, the software is used by multiple banks, the exploitation posed a grave threat to the banks all over the world. Reason of occurrence: The main reason for occurrence of these hacks is the presence of bugs and malware in a system. The government agencies are responsible to conduct spying and espionage operations on particular targets by getting close to their system. The method used by them is acquisition of vulnerabilities in its system due to presence of bugs in the system. Rather than informing the manufacturers about the presence of such malfunctions, they exploit them to get access to the system to conduct their operations (van Der Walt, 2017). This system led to the hacking of such amount from the government agencies. This led to the raising of questions about the security of the agencies involved. This issue was further debated by the presence of FBI to give light on the discussion about the requirements of law enforcement in agencies. The codes that were made public by the Shadow brokers were made to be readable even by the low programmable experts to facilitate its uses in all devices. Even its use would not require great programming experts to run and implement them (Audiot, 2016). The code was supposed to be a bit old but they included many powerful tools to facilitate the process of hacking. The first documents that were released included system vulnerabilities in Cisco and other developers. The documents that were released recently by the Shadow Brokers showed the spying operations of NSA on a Middle Eastern bank transfer network termed as SWIFT. The hack revealed the operation of the NSA who was trying to get access to targeted clients of the bank transfer network (Boylan, 2015). This led to hindrance in the operation of the NSA as rising of suspicions of the bank were prominent. As far the authenticity of the stolen documents goes, Edward Snowden of NSA reported the genuineness of the stolen resources as the malware was full of virtual prints of the NSA. The malware also included a 16-digit identification code for the NSA (Broadhurst et al., 2017). According to Kaspersky, similarities in documents may lead to authenticity of the found sources. In addition, the Risk Based Security confirmed the exploitation of resources from NSA but no breaches were made in the system of the NSA. Solutions: There are various speculations regarding the problem that occurred due to the Shadow brokers. Moreover, the organization involved is already applying solution-based protocols to minimize the further risks that can arise. However, it was seen that Microsoft started working on their patch to address the vulnerability many weeks before the posting of the message from Shadow Brokers. The reason might be NSA disclosing about the information of exploited resources. Though a system patch requires weeks before making it public the reason of applied solution can be disclosure of information from the NSA (Planqu, 2016). The theory discussed is not evident as both parties are not claiming about the disclosure of information, but it might be the reason for applying patches to the system to help in mitigating the risks. The Vulnerabilities Equity process was created under the influence of Obama and now is continued by Trump (Caulfield, Ioannidis Pym, 2017). It was made to minimize the security vulnerabilities and threats to the agencies of the government that could lead to various large-scale problems. The ransomware attack, which took place in May 2017, was a massive cyber attack that affected users from all over the world. The computers who had the Microsoft Operating system installed were targeted by the ransomware. The main characteristics of the ransomware are that after infecting a computer, some files were encrypted and required payments in bitcoin to decrypt them. This report discusses about the specifications of the ransomware attack that took place all over the world. The report also includes the process of attack and the prevention of the attack. A cyber attack involving the ransomware had been originated due to the theft in cyber weapons (Brewer, 2016). The researchers of security in the Kaspersky Lab recorded more than 45,000 attacks in users belonging to 99 countries, which included UK, India, Russia, Italy, China and Egypt. However, the attack involved was not meant to target large-scale businesses but were meant to attack random users. Description of the problem: The WannaCry ransomware attack was an attack in a worldwide level that took place in May 2017, was a massive cyber attack that affected users from all over the world. The computers who had the Microsoft Operating system (OS) installed were targeted by the WannaCry ransomware (Kharraz et al., 2015). The main characteristics of the ransomware are that after infecting a computer, some files were encrypted and required payments in bitcoin to decrypt them. The main users who were risked due to the attack were the users with older versions of the OS like the Windows XP and the Windows Server 2003. Although, after the attack Microsoft made security patches to address the vulnerabilities in the system, the patches were made for the newer versions like the Windows 7 and 8. Due to this, Microsoft made an emergency patch for the older versions too. After many days of the ransomware attack, almost all of the infected users applied their updates in the system, which slowed down the infectious problems (Pathak Nanded, 2016). In addition, detailed technical reports were analyzed and made by several companies including Microsoft, Cisco and McAfee. Impact of the problem: The researchers of security in the Kaspersky Lab recorded more than 45,000 attacks in users belonging to 99 countries, which included UK, India, Russia, Italy, China and Egypt. In addition, the most affected countries among them were the Ukraine, Taiwan, India and Russia. The WannaCry ransomware attack also caused diverse impact on the National Health Service hospitals in Scotland and England, which also included 70,000 devices like the computers, scanners, and other equipments in the health care services (Chinthapalli, 2017). In addition, the ransomware also had its impact on the motor services including the Nissan and the Renault. Nissan stopped their production in order to stop the spreading of the ransomware. Renault also followed the same strategy to stop the spreading of the ransomware by halting their production across several sites. The impact of the attack is said to be low due to the fast analysis of the code of the ransomware, which had vulnerability in its code (Boatman, 2015). The presence of a technical kill switch made spreading of the attack stop. The loss in infrastructure could lead up to several millions. Carrying out of the attack: The WannaCry ransomware attack was carried out using several sets of software made for hacking. The External Blue is one such program. The software exploits a specific vulnerability that is present in the OS of Windows (Kharraz et al., 2016). This vulnerability can lead to breach in the system even under strong protocols. For mitigating such risks in the system, Microsoft released a patch to fight the vulnerability and risk due to the presence of such threat. The execution of the ransomware attack is divided into three different processes. These include the spreading of the vulnerability, encrypting of the file, displaying of ransom information and decrypting the encrypted file. The main sample program is the main program responsible for spreading the attack and releasing the WannaCry ransomware (Tuttle, 2016). This results in encryption of a file. The sample program includes an RSA public key and its corresponding private key is present with the attacker. Before applying encryption, a new sub-public and sub-private key is generated. The sub-public key is used to encrypt the user file and the sub-private key is used to do the same. Decrypting is usually done after payment is confirmed in the bitcoin network as the ransomware demands for payment in bitcoin. Prevention: Although, many risk mitigation processes where undertaken after the attack has been taken. Several companies like the Microsoft made security patches to fight the ransomware attack, which significantly slowed the spreading of the infected ransomware (Choi, Scott LeClair, 2016). However, the presence of security protocols where to be taken before hand so that the problem in infection could have been minimized and the large-scale problem could have been minimized. Various procedures could slow the process of ransomware attack in a device. Network segmentation is one such process where the infrastructure is divided among the connected and the unconnected one, which will facilitate the segmentation of the infrastructure to avoid the vulnerable areas to be hit directly (Mansfield-Devine, 2016). In addition, the Enhanced Mitigation Experience Toolkit of the Microsoft helps to provide additional security to the system that is specifically made to fight the ransomware attacks. The presence of other upgraded securities in the connected device is another mitigation process, which involves detection of malicious attacks to the system. Conclusion: Thus, it can be concluded form the report that the ransomware attack caused a widespread attack in the user data as well as in the economy of the world. The presence of enhanced security protocol is thus needed to secure the system and protect the data and information that is present. References: Audiot, N. (2016). Playing defence against the Equation Group. Boatman, K. (2015). Beware the Rise of Ransomware. Boylan, R. J. (2015) The shadow government: its identification and analysis.'.New Dawn, (42), 21. Brewer, R. (2016). Ransomware attacks: detection, prevention and cure.Network Security,2016(9), 5-9. Broadhurst, R., Woodford-Smith, H., Maxim, D., Sabol, B., Orlando, S., Chapman-Schmidt, B., Alazab, M. (2017). Cyber Terrorism: Research Review: Research Report of the Australian National University Cybercrime Observatory for the Korean Institute of Criminology. Caulfield, T., Ioannidis, C., Pym, D. (2017). The US Vulnerabilities Equities Process: An Economic Perspective. Chinthapalli, K. (2017). The hackers holding hospitals to ransom.BMJ,357, j2214. Choi, K. S., Scott, T. M., LeClair, D. P. (2016). Ransomware against police: diagnosis of risk factors via application of cyber-routine activities theory.International Journal of Forensic Science Pathology. Kharraz, A., Arshad, S., Mulliner, C., Robertson, W. K., Kirda, E. (2016, August). UNVEIL: A Large-Scale, Automated Approach to Detecting Ransomware. InUSENIX Security Symposium(pp. 757-772). Kharraz, A., Robertson, W., Balzarotti, D., Bilge, L., Kirda, E. (2015, July). Cutting the gordian knot: A look under the hood of ransomware attacks. InInternational Conference on Detection of Intrusions and Malware, and Vulnerability Assessment(pp. 3-24). Springer, Cham. Mansfield-Devine, S. (2016). Ransomware: taking businesses hostage.Network Security,2016(10), 8-17. Martin, G., Kinross, J., Hankin, C. (2017). Effective cybersecurity is fundamental to patient safety. Pathak, D. P., Nanded, Y. M. (2016). A dangerous trend of cybercrime: ransomware growing challenge.International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Engineering Technology (IJARCET) Volume,5. Planqu, D. (2016). Cyber Threat Intelligence. Sanger, D. (2016). Shadow brokers leak raises alarming question: Was the NSA hacked.New York Times. Retrieved August,27, 2016. Shane, S., Mazzetti, M., Rosenberg, M. (2017). WikiLeaks releases trove of alleged CIA hacking documents.The New York Times, Mar. Tuttle, H. (2016). Ransomware attacks pose growing threat.Risk Management,63(4), 4. van Der Walt, C. (2017). The impact of nation-state hacking on commercial cyber-security.Computer Fraud Security,2017(4), 5-10.